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Mileage: This is the number of miles you are
allowed to drive over the term of the lease. Often this
is stated as the number of miles per year you can drive.
Most leasing companies allow 12,000 miles a year. On a
three-year lease, that means you can drive a total of
36,000 miles. If the allowable miles are exceeded, you
typically must pay between 12 and 15 cents per mile.
Capitalized Cost: Often called the
cap cost, this is basically the negotiated price of the
car and all the options. This becomes one of several
figures used in calculating a monthly lease payment.
Depreciation: This is the amount by
which property (in this case, a vehicle) loses its
value. In leasing, depreciation is the difference
between the new car's cost and the value of the car at
the end of the lease (plus tax, interest and various
leasing fees).
Drive-off Fees: This is the amount
of money you must pay to begin the lease. Typically,
this includes various DMV and leasing fees plus a
security deposit. Some people who want to reduce the
amount of their monthly payments will also make a cap
reduction payment. This is cash, paid up front, and it
becomes part of the drive-off fees.
Early Termination: This means you
want to get out of the lease contract before all your
payments have been made. After 24 months of a three-year
lease, for example, you might decide you no longer can
afford the car, or you are sick of it. So you decide you
want to terminate the lease. This is very costly since
leasing companies require you to make all the remaining
payments and pay a penalty. However, some new Internet
companies have sprung up recently to help people sell
their leases to someone who wants to step into a
short-term lease at lower payments.
Excess Wear and Tear: Most lease
contracts have a clause which states that the person
leasing the car is responsible for the cost of
"excess wear and tear" to the vehicle when it
is returned. When cars are used, they will eventually
show signs that someone has been in them. What is
considered excessive? Check your contract for specifics.
But keep in mind that it is important to have the car
washed and detailed before you return it. This can go a
long way to avoiding having your security deposit
revoked or extra charges levied by the leasing company.
Gap Insurance: If your leased car is
stolen or totaled in an accident, there might be a gap
between what your insurance company will pay you for the
loss and the amount you now must pay to the leasing
company. If you take out gap insurance (it is included
in some lease contracts), this will cover you for this
loss. For more information, check out the section on gap
insurance in our article, Little Known But Important
Insurance Issues.
Lessee: This is the person who has
leased the vehicle.
Lessor: The lessor is the party who
is leasing the car to you. Even though the dealership is
arranging the lease, the lessor is often a bank or the
financial arm of a car manufacturer.
Money Factor: Also called a lease
factor or even a lease fee, this is the interest rate
you are being charged. It is expressed as a multiplier
that can be used to calculate your monthly payments. For
example, 7.2 percent interest, when expressed as a money
factor, is .0033. To convert a money factor to an
interest rate, multiply by 2,400. To convert an interest
rate to a money factor, divide by 2,400. (Always use
2,400 regardless of the length of the loan.)
MSRP: This stands for Manufacturer's
Suggested Retail Price. Many dealers will try to base
their leases on MSRP or above. However, you can
negotiate a lower price to base the lease on.
Payoff Amount: Sometimes called
buyout amount, this is the amount of money you have to
pay to own the car. The payoff amount might be different
from the residual value because of a refunded security
deposit.
Residual Value: This is the leasing
company's prediction of what the car will be worth at
the end of the lease. The residual value is also
important because it affects your monthly payment. The
higher the residual, the lower your monthly payments.
Sales Tax: A portion of every
monthly lease payment is paid for sales tax. However,
you pay tax only on the amount of the car's value you
are using. In other words, rather than paying 8 percent
sales tax on a $20,000 car, you pay 8 percent of the
$8,000 the car declines in value as you drive it. People
who hate paying taxes love this part of leasing.
Security Deposit: The security
deposit is usually equal to one monthly payment.
However, multiple security deposits can be made to
reduce the interest rate charged.
Subsidized or Subvented Lease: To
make leases more attractive to consumers, manufacturers
sometimes subsidize or subvent the leases. This means
that they are either offering very low interest rates or
they are inflating the residual value of the vehicle.
Both tactics have the effect of lowering the monthly
payment for the consumer.
Term: This is the length of the
lease agreement. Typical leasing lengths are 24, 36, 48
and 60 months. However, sometimes lease agreements are
for 36, 38 or 40 months (to make the lease payments
appear smaller.
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